Table 2.

Cytokine Concentrations by Reduced Activity Scores^a

	Groups of Reduced Activityb
Cytokine Concentration (pg/mL)	1 (10 ± 1), n = 11	2 (11 ± 0), n = 16	3 (12 ± 0), n = 27	4 (14 ± 1), n = 15	Group 1 Versus 4 Difference	Group 1 Versus 4 P Value	Continuous Variable P Value
IL-6	3.72	3.69	3.59	4.26	+15%	.17	.22
TNF-α	0.79	1.69	0.91	2.46	+211%	.05	.24
IFN-γ	1.57	2.49	1.78	2.13	+36%	.56	.71
IL-Ira	3.31	2.99	3.60	4.25	+28%	.65	.94
IL-I-β	3.03	3.69	2.22	5.26	+74%	.39	.61
VEGF	1050	970	853	919	−12%	.53	.15

NOTES: IL, interleukin;TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IFN, interferon; ra, receptor antagonist; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.

^aLeast squares means adjusted for covariates as follows: IL-6: family history of colon cancer, how often person feels stress, prior stressful event.TNF-α: fruit juice intake per week. IFN-γ: family history of colon cancer, fruit juice intake per week. IL-Ira: body mass index, diarrhea in the past 6 months, fruit juice intake per week. IL-I-β: body mass index, circadian type. VEGF: use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, unable to visit doctor due to cost, packs of cigarettes smoked per day.

^bMultidimensional Fatigue Inventory reduced activity subscale. Mean ± standard deviation of reduced activity scores in parentheses (higher scores represent lower activity).