TABLE 1.

Prevalence of reduced third-generation cephalosporin susceptibility and ESBL production among Enterobacter cloacae strains accessed by country and year

Country or locale	1998			1999			2000			2001			4-yr totals
	No. of strains	% CRO or CAZ Ra	% ESBL positive	No. of strains	% CRO or CAZ Ra	% ESBL positive	No. of strains	% CRO or CAZ Ra	% ESBL positive	No. of strains	% CRO or CAZ Ra	% ESBL positive	No. of strains	% CRO or CAZ Ra	% ESBL positive
Australia	33	45	6	45	36	2	55	36	2	45	31	7	178	37	4
Hong Kong	8	75	25	9	22	0	10	40	0	9	44	0	36	44	6
Japan	22	9	5	32	47	0	33	36	6	14	43	0	101	35	3
Mainland China	25	48	28	13	92	54	0			0			38	61	37
Philippines	19	58	37	27	56	33	37	57	43	11	45	9	94	55	35
Singapore	14	48	29	2	0	0	9	89	89	2	0	0	27	52	44
South Africa	7	29	14	6	67	0	18	39	33	23	48	17	54	44	20
Taiwan	8	63	38	2	50	0	10	30	0	39	56	21	59	53	19
Total	136	43	20	136	47	13	172	44	19	143	43	11	587	44	16

^aPercentages of strains for which a ceftriaxone (CRO) MIC of >1 μg/ml and/or a ceftazidime (CAZ) MIC of >2 μg/ml was detected. R, resistant.