Table 3.
Prevalence of refractive errors versus age
| Age (yrs) | Hyperopia* (%) | Myopia† (%) | Astigmatism‡ (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥ +1.50 D SE | ≥ +2.00 D SE | ≤ -0.50 D SE | ≥ 0.50 DC | ≥ 1.00 DC | |
| 6 | 48.12(41.79-54.45)§ | 9.21(5.54-12.88) | 0.42(0-1.24) | 11.30(7.29-15.31) | 4.18(1.64-6.72) |
| 7 | 36.42(31.09-41.75) | 7.67(4.72-10.62) | 1.92(0.40-3.44) | 11.56(8.02-15.10) | 3.19(1.24-5.14) |
| 8 | 16.81(12.83-20.79) | 5.31(2.92-7.70) | 5.01(2.69-7.33) | 14.16(10.45-17.87) | 5.60(3.15-8.05) |
| 9 | 11.71(8.34-15.08) | 3.14(1.31-4.97) | 8.57(5.64-11.50) | 12.00(8.60-15.40) | 4.00(1.95-6.05) |
| 10 | 7.92(5.05-10.79) | 3.52(1.56-5.48) | 9.38(6.29-12.47) | 8.80(5.79-11.81) | 2.64(0.94-4.34) |
| 11 | 3.45(1.45-5.45) | 1.25(0.03-2.47) | 16.93(12.81-21.05) | 7.84(4.89-10.79) | 2.19(0.58-3.80) |
| 12 | 2.62(0.83-4.41) | 0.66(0-1.57) | 19.34(14.91-23.77) | 10.49(7.05-13.93) | 4.59(2.24-6.94) |
| 13 | 0.70(0-1.67) | 0.35(0-1.04) | 21.05(16.32-25.78) | 10.18(6.67-13.69) | 3.16(1.13-5.19) |
| 14 | 1.69(0.35-3.03) | 1.13(0.03-2.23) | 28.81(24.09-33.53) | 11.86(8.49-15.23) | 3.39(1.50-5.28) |
| 15 | 1.33(0-2.83) | 0.89(0-2.12) | 27.11(21.30-32.92) | 14.22(9.66-18.78) | 4.89(2.07-7.71) |
| All | 12.51(11.34-13.68) | 3.26(2.63-3.89) | 13.75(12.53-14.97) | 11.17(10.06-12.28) | 3.75(3.08-4.42) |
* Children were considered hyperopic (defined as ≥+1.50 D SE or ≥+2.00 D SE) if one or both eyes were hyperopic;
† myopic (defined as ≤-0.50 D SE) if one or both eyes were myopic;
‡ astigmatism (defined as cylinder powers ≥0.50 DC or ≥1.00 DC) if one or both eyes were astigmatism.
§ 95% CI of the prevalence of refractive errors in the bracket