Effect of in vitro stimulation with collagen I (CI) on gene expression in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) based on comparison of matched samples (PBMC from the same volunteers, cultured with CI versus cultured without CI) in healthy controls (Ctrls), patients with early dcSSc (Early) and patients with late dcSSc (Late). Significant fold differences (P < 0·05) are shown. Positive values indicate fold higher and negative indicate fold lower levels of gene expression in indicated CI-stimulated cultures compared with cells cultured in control medium (M).