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Treatment with inhibitors of PI3 kinase or p38 MAPK decreased TGFβ2 production in cancer cells. (A) Z12 cells, (B) breast cancer HS578T cells, or (C) kidney cancer UO31 cells were treated with LY294002 (40 μM), SB203580 (20 μM), or combined LY294002 (40 μM) and SB203580 (20 μM) in 500 μL of a fresh medium in 12-well plates. Twenty-four hours later, the conditioned media were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for secretion of TGFβ2. TGFβ2, transforming growth factor β2.
