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. 2010 Oct 26;5(10):e13601. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013601

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Mitrovic et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(a) Accumulated statistics during 25 adaptation trials using stochastic OFC-LD. Trials 1 to 5 are performed in the NF condition. Top: Muscle activations and co-contraction integrated during 500ms reaches. Middle: Absolute joint errors and velocity errors at final time T = 500ms. Bottom: Integrated (internal model) prediction uncertainties along the current optimal trajectory, after this has been updated. (b) The same statistics for the adaptation using deterministic OFC-LD, meaning no uncertainty information is used for the optimization. This leads to no co-contraction and therefore worse reaching performance during adaptation.