Fig. 2.

a Unadjusted association between immigration risk index^a in non-Westerns and CBCL Total problems, b Adjusted^b association between immigration risk index^a in non-Westerns and CBCL Total problems. Values indicate differences in mean Total problems score between Dutch toddlers (reference) and toddlers of European or non-Western origin divided by their amount of immigration risks (0 and 5). ^aBased on table 5, the following categories of immigration characteristics were labelled as ‘risk’: 1st generation, ≥16 years at immigration, no good Dutch language skills, feeling part of only own or of neither Dutch nor own national culture, and not agreeing with statement ‘feels accepted by Dutch natives’. ^bAdjusted for gender, age child, gestational age, birth weight, parity, marital status, family income, smoking during pregnancy, and maternal age, education, and psychopathology