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. 2010 Nov;136(5):497–513. doi: 10.1085/jgp.200910347

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© 2010 Groulx et al.

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Figure 6. — The proposed mechanism of pore formation. The Cry1Aa toxin first binds to the membrane-bound receptor with domains II and III. In the subsequent step, the α-helical domain I unfolds and transits to the internal (trans) leaflet. For pore formation to occur, the α3–α4 hairpin inserts into the membrane and reaches to the other side. Several toxins oligomerize in order to form the water-filled pore.