Table 2.

Characteristics of patients studied

Study Group	Reference	Publication Year	Study Site	Study Period	N patients	Level of lesion (%)
						thoracic	lumbar	sacral	other
(1) Leipzig group			Leipzig, Germany	1979-2009	43	11.6	79.1	9.3	-
(2) IUMR group	Bruner [22]	1999	Vanderbilt, USA	1990-1997	29	median L4 (S-T12)
	Tulipan [21]	2003	CHOP, Vanderbilt, USA	1983-2000	177	4.8	80.8	14.4	-
	Johnson [24]	2003	CHOP, USA	1998-2002	48	5	84	11	-
	Bruner [25]	2004	Vanderbilt, USA	1997-2003	116	4.3	81.9	13.8	-
	Brunner [23]	2005	Vanderbilt, USA	1997-2003	116	4.3	81.9	13.8	-
	Koh [27]	2006	Boston, USA	1979-2003	5	lumbosacral
	Danzer [26]	2008	CHOP, USA	1998-2003	54	7.4	85.2	7.4	-
	Danzer [18]	2009	CHOP, USA	1998-2003	54	7.4	81.5	11.1
	Danzer [29]	2010	CHOP, USA	1998-2003	30	median L4 (T12-S1)
(3) Historical controls	Bruner [22]	1999	Vanderbilt, USA	1990-1997	23	median L4 (S-T12)
	Bowman [5]	2001	Chicago, USA	1975-1979	71	35.2	42.2	21.2	1.4
	Tulipan [21]	2003	CHOP, Vanderbilt, USA	1983-2000	189	18.5	60.3	21.2	-
	Koh [27]	2006	Boston, USA	1979-2003	88	-
	Aguilera [15]	2009	Bristol, UK	1999-2007	74	10.8	41.9	44.6	2.7

Summarized characteristics of included studies sorted by study group.