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Melatonin synthesis. Melatonin (MLT) is synthesized from serotonin through two enzymatic steps. First, serotonin is acetylated by NAT to yield N-acetylserotonin (NAS). The second step involves transfer of a methyl group from (S)-adenosylmethionine to the 5-hydroxyl group of N-acetylserotonin via the enzyme HIOMT. The rhythms of melatonin and serotonin have opposite phase during subjective night and day (Klein, 1999).
