TABLE 16.

Kinetic parameters describing glutamate activation of AMPA, kainate and NMDA receptors

	EC501	τ-Deactivation2	τ-Desensitization	τ-Recovery3,4	SS/Peak Ratio
	μM	ms	ms	ms
GluA1-flip	500–7005,6	0.7–1.27–9	2.5–4.17–10	111–1476,7	0.002–0.0327,11,12
GluA1-flop	45013	0.86–1.37–9,14	3.2–4.27–10,14	147–1557,14	0.023–0.0807,14,15
GluA2-flipQ16	139017	0.62–1.19,17	5.9–9.99,10,17	11.717	0.06817
GluA2-flopQ16	1140–138013,17	0.54–0.99,17	1.2–1.99,10,17	31.317	0.01117
GluA3-flip	1000–197015,18,19	0.5615	3.0–5.18,10,15,20	15–7015,21	0.024–0.05415,21
GluA3-flop	1100–178015,18,19	0.63–1.0514,15	1.1–2.88–10,14,15,20	55–14214,15,22	0.0115
GluA4-flip	181012,18	0.68	3.6–5.18,10	6–216,21	0.006–0.0421
GluA4-flop	44.323–25	0.68	0.98,10	31–4321	0.00321
GluA1-flip/GluA2-flip			5.126	28–6726	0.00926
GluA3-flip/GluA2-flip			4.926	15–2626	0.015–0.02226
GluK1a Q16	63027		4.1–8.9,6927,28	50,510029,30	0.0129
GluK2 Q16	427–104031–34	1.6–2.529,32,33	3.4–5.331–36	1900–302031–33,35,37	0.008–0.0431,35,36
GluK3a38	590039		8.4–939		0.0439
GluK1 Q/GluK540	1941		2.1–1542
GluK2 Q/GluK5	15–3134,41	0.5, 4634	4.734	2400–270034
GluK3a/GluK4			7.639		0.0339
GluK3a/GluK5			5.339		0.01839
GluN1/GluN2A	1.8–7.743,44	22–23045–47	386–750, 200045,47	61845	0.28–4248,49
GluN1/GluN2B	0.9–443,44,50	71–95, 538–61745,50	100, 49550	1014–210045,50	0.027–0.5318,50,51
GluN1/GluN2C	1.024,52,53	260–38245–47	59–71954		1.047
GluN1/GluN2D	0.424,53,55	1700–440845,56	N.A.	N.A.	1.056

N.A., not applicable; i.e., GluN1/GluN2C and GluN1/GluN2D receptors show no or minimal desensitization in the continued presence of agonist.

¹ Determined from the peak response to rapid glutamate application.

² Measurements are from outside out-patches; two time constants can be detected for many receptors.

³ See Lomeli et al. (1994) for RNA editing control of τ recovery.

⁴ The rate of recovery from desensitization is more complex; see Bowie (2002), Robert and Howe (2003).

⁵ Wahl et al. (1998).

⁶ Robert and Howe (2003).

⁷ Partin et al. (1995, 1996).

⁸ Mosbacher et al. (1994).

⁹ Krampfl et al. (2001).

¹⁰ Quirk et al. (2004).

¹¹ Banke et al. (2000).

¹² Robert et al. (2001).

¹³ Pei et al. (2009).

¹⁴ Banke et al. (2001).

¹⁵ Sekiguchi et al. (2002).

¹⁶ Edited receptors or mutant receptors had a glutamine at the Q/R/N site.

¹⁷ Koike et al. (2000).

¹⁸ Values predicted from simulations using rate constants.

¹⁹ Pei et al. (2007).

²⁰ Grosskreutz et al. (2003).

²¹ Lomeli et al. (1994).

²² Schlesinger et al (2005).

²³ Gallo et al. (1992).

²⁴ Determined in X. laevis oocytes.

²⁵ Determined for activation by kainate.

²⁶ Mosbacher et al. (1994).

²⁷ Sommer et al. (1992).

²⁸ Swanson et al. (1997a).

²⁹ Swanson and Heinemann (1998).

³⁰ Onset and recovery from desensitization is variable from cell to cell.

³¹ Traynelis and Wahl (1997).

³² Weston et al. (2006a).

³³ Kistler and Fleck (2007).

³⁴ Barberis et al. (2008).

³⁵ Heckmann et al. (1996).

³⁶ Zhang et al. (2008c).

³⁷ Bowie (2002).

³⁸ Splice variants 7a and 7b have similar rates.

³⁹ Schiffer et al. (1997).

⁴⁰ Determined by rapid application of glutamate; kainate-evoked currents desensitized with a dual exponential time course, with the fastest time constant being 15 ms (Herb et al., 1992).

⁴¹ Alt et al. (2004).

⁴² Swanson et al. (2002).

⁴³ Varney et al. (1996).

⁴⁴ Chen et al. (2001).

⁴⁵ Vicini et al. (1998).

⁴⁶ Monyer et al. (1992).

⁴⁷ Villarroel et al. (1998).

⁴⁸ Wyllie et al. (1996).

⁴⁹ Krupp et al. (1998).

⁵⁰ Banke and Traynelis (2003).

⁵¹ SS/Peak current ratio is typically higher in whole-cell recordings.

⁵² Ishii et al. (1993).

⁵³ Yuan et al. (2009a).

⁵⁴ Dravid et al. (2008).

⁵⁵ Ikeda et al. (1992).

⁵⁶ Wyllie et al. (1998).