Table 2.

Family history, ethnicity, and psychiatric risk factors by trauma/ PTSD status^*

Variable	PTSD (n = 138)	Trauma without PTSD (n = 1,981)	No trauma (n = 1,649)
Maternal alcohol-related problems	34.8%	16.8%	8.4%
Paternal alcohol-related problems	63.8%	39.7%	27.8%
Major depressive disorder	73.9%	30.5%	13.8%
Conduct disorder	16.3%	6.2%	1.9%
Regular smoking	62.3%	40.8%	29.0%
Cannabis abuse	13.0%	5.0%	1.9%
Distribution by ethnicity
African-American	7.0%	68.6%	24.4%
White	3.1%	49.9%	47.0%

Notes: PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder.

^*All chi-square tests of association were statistically significant at the p < .05 level.