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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 28.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA. 2009 Aug 5;302(5):517–526. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1109

Table 3.

Association of Confirmed Elder Self-neglect or Abuse With All-Cause Mortality

Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)a
Model A Model B Model C
Confirmed elder self-neglect
      ≤1 y follow-up
7.71 (6.92–8.59) 5.79 (5.14–6.52) 5.76 (5.11–6.49)
      >1 y follow-up 2.36 (2.09–2.68) 1.87 (1.64–2.14) 1.87 (1.64–2.14)
      Severityb
   ≤1 y; Mild
5.46 (4.24–7.03) 4.69 (3.58–6.14) 4.71 (3.59–6.17)
   >1 y; Mild 2.07 (1.63–2.63) 1.99 (1.53–2.59) 1.99 (1.53–2.58)
   ≤1 y; Moderate 8.25 (7.29–9.34) 5.92 (5.17–6.78) 5.87 (5.12–6.73)
   >1 y; Moderate 2.67 (2.10–3.39) 1.95 (1.50–2.54) 1.90 (1.51–2.54)
   ≤1 y; Severe 16.99 (12.62–22.85) 15.36 (11.09–21.25) 15.47 (11.18–21.41)
   >1 y; Severe 2.84 (2.24–3.60) 2.04 (1.57–2.65) 2.04 (1.57–2.64)
Confirmed elder abuse 2.39 (1.76–3.28) 2.08 (1.49–2.89) 2.06 (1.48–2.88)
a

See “Methods” section for explanation of what was tested in models A, B, and C

b

P<.001 for the confirmed elder self-neglect severity comparisons.