FIGURE 2.

Palmitate-induced sortilin reduction is not mediated through autocrine secreted TNF-α. A, C2C12 myotubes were treated with 0.25–1 mm palmitate for 16 h, and the conditioned medium was then subjected to ELISA for TNF-α concentration measurement. B, C2C12 myotubes were treated with 1–100 ng/ml of TNF-α, and the cell lysates were subjected to Western blot analysis. C, C2C12 myotubes were treated with the indicated concentrations of palmitate for 16 h in the absence or presence of anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody, and the cell lysates were then subjected to Western blot analysis. Three independent experiments were performed, and representative results were obtained.