Effect of calorie restriction and vanadate, a Pma1 inhibitor, on cell viability after entry into stationary phase. A and B, effect of calorie restriction. Wild-type and L18 mutant cells were grown in SD medium (2% glucose) or SD low-glucose medium (0.5% glucose). Cell growth (A) and viability (B) were monitored. ○, wild-type cells in SD medium; △, wild-type cells in SD low-glucose medium; ●, L18 mutant in SD medium; ▴, L18 mutant in SD low-glucose medium. The data shown represent the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. C and D, effect of vanadate. Wild-type (C) and L18 mutant (D) cells were grown in SD medium (○) or SD medium containing 100 μm (●) and 300 μm (△) vanadate, and cell viability was monitored. The data shown represent the mean of ± S.D. three independent experiments.