Overexpression of either VAD1 or HOG1 restores wild type filamentation and MFα transcriptional levels in Δhog1 and Δvad1 mutant strains, respectively. A and B, Northern blot analysis was performed with total RNA isolated from the indicated strains and hybridized with an ORF region from MFα genes. C, the indicated strains were co-cultured with KN99 on V8 medium and incubated at room temperature in the dark and observed at the indicated times. Representative edges of the mating patches were photographed at ×40 magnification. D, filamentation of Δhog1 and Δvad1 mutant cells co-cultured on V8 medium and incubated for 2 days at room temperature in the dark. E, degradation analysis of MFα was performed as described under “Experimental Procedures” using total RNA isolated from Δhog1 mutant strains.