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The proposed model of transcellular urate transport in renal proximal tubule. URAT1 at the apical membrane participates for proximal tubular urate reabsorption and the reabsorbed urate exits the cells via basolateral URATv1. The secretory pathway for urate are known by OAT1 and OAT3 located at the basolateral side, and the exit at the apical side by a long hypothesized voltage-driven transporter is proposed to be NPT4. The latter is also proposed to be the exit path of diuretics.
