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Schematic description of our point of view with regards to the molecular origin of the fidelity of DNA polymerases. In the case of a correct base pair (a), the protein provides both a perfect base binding and catalytic site (indicated as light gray areas). The binding of an incorrect nucleotide leads to suboptimal binding of the incoming base (b). This causes the protein to relax, thereby destroying the preorganization in the chemical part (c). Protein dipoles are indicated by arrows.
