Table 3. Odds ratios indicating relative likelihood that immigrants have health problems and risky health behaviors, with controls for age and sex and adding controls for education, 2004.

	Functioning Difficulty		ADL Difficulty		IADL Difficulty		Two Chronic Diseases		Low Self-perceived health		Current Smoker		Overweight
Country	M1	M2	M1	M2	M1	M2	M1	M2	M1	M2	M1	M2	M1	M2
Austria	0.78	0.80	0.78	0.79	1.04	1.02	0.66*	0.66*	0.84	0.88	1.71*	1.73*	0.89	0.90
Belgium	1.04	1.03	1.04	0.94	1.12	1.03	1.00	0.93	1.12	1.00	1.29	1.31	1.14	1.12
Denmark	1.95*	2.20*	1.32	1.58	1.88	2.30*	1.32	1.38	1.44	1.74	1.08	1.13	0.84	0.90
France	1.23	1.15	0.99	0.91	1.49*	1.39*	0.89	0.85	2.06*	1.88*	1.18	1.31	0.99	0.91
Germany	1.20	1.18	1.22	1.14	1.08	1.02	1.26*	1.23*	1.47*	1.41*	0.95	0.91	1.41*	1.39*
Greece	1.12	1.13	1.72	1.78	0.86	0.96	0.93	0.98	1.48	1.77	0.94	0.96	1.24	1.34
Italy	1.10	1.25	0.50	0.57	0.63	0.80	1.31	1.45	0.55	0.69	1.58	1.55	0.37*	0.43*
Netherlands	1.43*	1.43*	1.42	1.42	1.12	1.12	0.91	0.91	2.43*	2.44*	1.15	1.11	0.95	0.92
Spain	0.83	1.19	0.80	1.17	0.58	1.06	1.60	2.01*	0.53*	0.76	1.10	1.01	0.37*	0.50*
Sweden	1.32*	1.44*	1.25	1.47	1.19	1.22	1.28	1.43*	2.04*	2.29*	0.94	1.03	1.45*	1.61*
Switzerland	1.48*	1.58*	2.12*	2.48*	1.91*	1.84*	1.52*	1.52*	2.19*	2.24*	1.06	1.13	0.98	0.95

Data: SHARE database (Individuals aged 50 and over).

Model 1: controlled for age and sex.

Model 2: controlled for age, sex and education.

Functioning: Difficulty performing at least one out of 10 tasks, ADL: Difficulty performing at least one activity of daily living, IADL: difficulty performing at least one instrumental activity of daily living, CD: Two or more chronic diseases, Low Self-perceived health: less than good health, Smoking: current smoker and Overweight: BMI>= 25.

^*p<.05