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. 2010 Sep 29;10(1A):S142–S150. doi: 10.1102/1470-7330.2010.9092

Figure 5.

Figure 5

At this level there is no mesorectum, which, higher in the rectum, acts as a protective barrier to contain tumour. Therefore any spread beyond the muscularis propria would result in exposure of tumour at the margins if an ultra-low TME or conventional plane APE is undertaken.