Value of Hume’s method of local irradiation17 in the treatment of severe rejection. The patient (A blood type) received a kidney from his sister (O blood type). After good initial function, gross hematuria developed, followed by anuria and other features of acute rejection. Wound tenderness, which was so extreme that urinary extravasation was feared, was largely relieved within an hour after the first dose of 150 r and resumption of urine excretion followed within 24 hours. The subsequent course was uncomplicated. Despite the rapidity of onset of rejection, it was possible, with 4 hourly analyses of urine composition, to demonstrate the changes that are thought to illustrate an ischemic component of rejection (see text and Fig. 3). Acti C: each arrow represents 200 gamma actinomycin C given intravenously. The conditions of x-ray therapy are described in the text.