Table 1.
The characteristics for the study sample, Habitual Snorers vs. Nonhabitual Snorers (n = 20,152)
| Characteristics N (%) |
Total (N = 20152) |
Habitual Snorers (N = 2418) |
Nonhabitual Snorers (N = 17734) |
t/χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 9.00 ± 1.60 | 8.88 ± 1.58 | 9.02 ± 1.61 | 4.07a | <.001 |
| Gender (%) | 121.33b | ||||
| Boys | 9890 (49.3) | 1437 (59.9) | 8445 (47.9) | ||
| Girls | 10159 (50.7) | 963 (40.1) | 9188 (52.1) | ||
| BMI (Kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 17.33 ± 4.07 | 17.85 ± 4.40 | 17.26 ± 4.02 | 6.18a | <.001 |
| Family income (%) | 23.99b | <.001 | |||
| < 800 | 4853 (24.4) | 671 (28.2) | 4181 (23.9) | ||
| 800-2500 | 11266 (56.6) | 1309 (55.0) | 9948 (56.8) | ||
| ≥ 2500 | 3793 (19.0) | 401 (16.8) | 3385 (19.3) | ||
| Mather's education level (%) | 1.79b | .409 | |||
| Low | 7653 (38.7) | 644 (27.4) | 4873 (28.0) | ||
| Medium | 6616 (33.4) | 770 (32.7) | 5843 (33.5) | ||
| High | 5527 (27.9) | 940 (39.9) | 6709 (38.5) | ||
| Father's education level (%) | 1.20b | .548 | |||
| Low | 8433 (42.1) | 587 (24.5) | 4156 (23.6) | ||
| Medium | 6859 (34.2) | 802 (33.5) | 6050 (34.3) | ||
| High | 4750 (23.7) | 1008 (42.1) | 7422 (42.1) | ||
| Environmental exposures | |||||
| Delivery | 25.24b | <.001 | |||
| Vaginal Birth | 13413 (66.8) | 1497 (62.3) | 11904 (67.4) | ||
| Caesarean section | 6658 (33.2) | 906 (37.7) | 5747 (32.8) | ||
| Feeding patterns during the first four months | 11.43 | <.001 | |||
| Breasting feeding | 13248 (65.9) | 1512 (62.8) | 11725 (66.3) | ||
| Mixed/bottle feeding | 6869 (34.1) | 896 (37.2) | 5967 (33.7) | ||
| Breast feeding | 13.61b | < .001 | |||
| ≥ 6 months | 10984 (54.5) | 1230 (51.0) | 9745 (55.0) | ||
| < 6 months | 9168 (45.5) | 1182 (49.0) | 7978 (45.0) | ||
| Pregnancy maternal smoking | 389 (1.9) | 76 (3.2) | 313 (1.8) | 21.42b | < .001 |
| Household passive smoking | 5000 (24.9) | 668 (27.8) | 4332 (24.5) | 12.43b | < .001 |
| Chronic health problems | |||||
| Obesity | 2156 (10.7) | 350 (14.6) | 1806 (10.2) | 37.55b | < .001 |
| Overweight | 2075 (10.3) | 326 (13.5) | 1749 (9.8) | 24.18b | < .001 |
| Chronic or allergic rhinitis | 1883 (9.4) | 421 (17.5) | 1460 (8.2) | 212.54b | < .001 |
| Asthma | 636 (3.2) | 138 (5.7) | 497 (2.8) | 59.08b | < .001 |
| Adenotonsillar hypertrophy | 2218 (11.0) | 498 (20.6) | 1716 (9.7) | 260.64b | < .001 |
| Chronic otitis media | 785 (3.9) | 141 (5.8) | 643 (3.6) | 27.93b | < .001 |
| Food/drug allergy | 1101 (5.5) | 174 (7.2) | 925 (5.2) | 16.35b | < .001 |
| Family history of SDB | |||||
| Habitual snoring | 6625 (32.9) | 1060 (43.9) | 5558 (31.4) | 152.43b | < .001 |
| OSAS | 481 (2.4) | 93 (3.9) | 388 (2.2) | 25.29b | < .001 |
Family income was expressed in RMB(yuan)/person/month
a Independent-samples t test
b Chi-square test