Table 3.
Substance use disorders by LCA-defined subtypes of nonmedical opioid users (N =1,815)
| Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lifetime disorders: column % (95% CI) |
C1: Opioid– marijuana |
C2: Opioid–other prescription drugs |
C3: Opioid– marijuana– hallucinogen |
C4: Opioid– polydrug |
χ2 p-value1 |
C1: Opioid– marijuana |
C2: Opioid– other prescription drugs |
C3: Opioid– marijuana– hallucinogen |
C4: Opioid– polydrug |
χ2 p-value1 |
| Sample size | 283 | 85 | 275 | 371 | 344 | 90 | 195 | 172 | ||
| Opioid abuse | 17.8 (13.1–23.7) | 16.6 (8.2–30.7) | 21.2 (16.4–27.0) | 40.3 (34.5–46.3) | <0.01 | 14.5 (9.8–20.7) | 18.6 (11.0–29.7) | 15.4 (10.3–22.3) | 22.4 (15.9–30.7) | NS |
| Opioid dependence | 5.3 (2.4–11.0) | 12.3 (6.2–22.8) | 5.6 (2.9–10.5) | 7.6 (4.8–11.8) | NS | 3.0 (1.6–5.4) | 22.2 (13.5–34.3) | 5.4 (2.7–10.6) | 13.6 (8.8–20.2) | <0.01 |
| Opioid use disorders | 23.1 (17.9–29.2) | 28.9 (18.3–42.5) | 26.8 (21.3–33.2) | 47.8 (41.2–54.6) | <0.01 | 17.4 (12.6–23.6) | 40.8 (29.4–53.3) | 20.8 (14.9–28.1) | 36.0 (27.7–45.2) | <0.01 |
| Nicotine dependence | 37.9 (30.5–46.0) | 63.6 (50.1–75.3) | 57.4 (50.5–63.9) | 63.6 (57.4–69.4) | <0.01 | 34.5 (28.2–41.4) | 70.8 (59.7–79.9) | 55.5 (46.4–64.1) | 70.5 (61.5–78.2) | <0.01 |
| Alcohol use disorders | 71.9 (65.6–77.4) | 78.9 (66.4–87.6) | 88.2 (82.7–92.1) | 92.0 (88.4–94.6) | <0.01 | 39.5 (32.7–46.8) | 77.1 (66.7–85.0) | 79.7 (71.4–86.1) | 90.4 (85.0–94.0) | <0.01 |
| Marijuana use disorders | 23.5 (18.0–30.1) | 48.0 (34.8–61.6) | 64.0 (57.4–70.4) | 80.6 (75.8–84.7) | <0.01 | 12.8 (9.0–17.9) | 35.3 (24.3–48.2) | 62.2 (53.2–70.5) | 66.4 (57.0–74.6) | <0.01 |
| Cocaine use disorders | 0.3 (0.1–1.4) | 11.9 (6.0–22.0) | 24.8 (19.8–30.5) | 62.3 (56.1–68.1) | <0.01 | 0.0 | 23.9 (15.1–35.6) | 24.7 (18.2–32.8) | 53.9 (44.8–62.7) | <0.01 |
| Inhalant use disorders | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.6 (1.1–6.1) | 13.9 (10.0–19.0) | <0.01 | 0.7 (0.1–4.6) | 1.9 (0.4–7.5) | 2.7 (0.8–9.0) | 7.9 (4.1–14.8) | NS |
| Hallucinogen use disorders | 0.0 | 0.7 (0.1–4.8) | 25.8 (19.6–33.0) | 45.8 (39.5–52.2) | <0.01 | 0.4 (0.1–3.2) | 2.3 (0.5–9.6) | 17.1 (11.3–25.2) | 40.3 (32.0–49.2) | <0.01 |
| Amphetamine use disorders | 0.3 (0.1–1.5) | 16.0 (9.2–26.4) | 17.6 (12.5–24.1) | 46.2 (39.9–52.6) | <0.01 | 0.6 (0.2–1.9) | 24.2 (15.1–36.6) | 21.7 (15.4–29.8) | 50.8 (41.9–59.8) | <0.01 |
| Tranquilizer use disorders | 3.0 (1.2–7.6) | 25.2 (16.1–37.2) | 6.8 (3.7–12.1) | 41.1 (34.5–48.1) | <0.01 | 0.9 (0.3–2.4) | 22.6 (14.2–33.9) | 5.1 (2.7–9.4) | 30.3 (22.8–39.1) | <0.01 |
| Sedative use disorders | 1.8 (0.5–6.2) | 18.0 (10.7–28.7) | 3.5 (1.8–6.7) | 40.7 (33.8–47.9) | <0.01 | 0.8 (0.2–3.1) | 28.3 (18.9–40.1) | 4.2 (1.9–9.0) | 33.0 (25.0–42.1) | <0.01 |
| Heroin use disorders | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 (0.9–4.5) | 9.9 (7.1–13.6) | <0.01 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.5 (4.4–15.8) | NS |
| Total number of the 11 disorders, mean* | 1.6 (1.45–1.78) | 2.9 (2.45–3.38) | 3.2 (2.96–3.43) | 5.4 (5.04–5.83) | <0.01 | 1.1 (0.94–1.21) | 3.3 (2.76–3.78) | 2.9 (2.61–3.26) | 4.9 (4.37–5.39) | <0.01 |
NS: p>0.05;
1
due to multiple comparisons, only results with p<0.01 are discussed. CI: confidence intervals.
*
F-test for mean; the 11 disorders included disorders from use of opioids, nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, hallucinogens, amphetamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, and heroin.