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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Dyn. 2010 Oct;239(10):2570–2583. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.22389

Figure 2. Rac1 specific chemical inhibition recapitulates the yolk sac vascular remodeling defect seen in Raldh2−/− mutants.

Figure 2

(A) A WT control embryo cultured for 48 hrs. from 7.5-9.5 dpc in rat serum exhibits yolk sac vascular remodeling in contrast to (B) a WT embryo cultured in the presence of the Rac1-specific inhibitor NSC23766 (50 μM). (C—F) Whole-mounts of yolk sacs from WT untreated and NSC23766-treated embryos are shown. (C) PECAM-1 (red) delineates a large arborizing vitelline blood vessel and smaller blood vessels in an untreated WT embryo. (D) Diminished PECAM-1 expression correlates with the absence of large, medium, and small vessel formation in the yolk sac of a NSC23766-treated embryo. To verify Rac1 inhibition, WAVE2 (green) expression was compared in untreated and NSC23766-treated embryos. (G) WAVE2 (green) is expressed in the developing yolk sac blood vessels of untreated WT embryos. (H) In contrast, loss of WAVE2 expression was observed in the yolk sac from NSC23766-treated embryos. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars = 1000 μm (A, B); 90 μm (C, D, E); 30 μm (F).