Table 1.
Clinical features and outcomes of GPi-DBS for XDP
| Evidente et al. [5] | Martinez-Torres et al. [6] | Present Case | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at onset, years | 31 | 33 | 57 |
| Sex | M | M | M |
| Initial symptom | shuffling gait | blepharospasm | right hand tremor |
| Subsequent symptoms | handwriting difficulty lower limb dystonia jaw opening dystonia | generalized dystonia | parkinsonism (rigidity, akinesia, gait disturbance) |
| Age at operation, years | 45 | 34 | 66 |
| Disease duration before DBS, years | 14 | 01 | 09 |
| Pre-UPDRS (off med.) | 33 | 37 | 48 |
| Pre-UPDRS (on med.) | 20 | NA | 43 |
| Pre-BFM-DRS | 40 | 77.5 | 14 |
| Post-UPDRS (off stim.) | 21 | NA | 43 |
| Post-UPDRS (on stim.) | 08 | 08 | 43 |
| Post-BFM-DRS (on stim.) | 09.5 | 15 | 04.5 |
| Follow-up, months | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Latency (response to DBS) | immediate | immediate | immediate |
| Improved symptom | generalized dystonia | trunk dystonia and swallowing | right limb dystonia |
| UPDRS, % improvement | 75.8 | 78.4 | 06.3 |
| BFM-DRS, % improvement | 76.3 | 80.6 | 67.9 |
| Stimulation parameters | 05.0 V, 210/120 μs, 130 Hz | 03.3 V, 60 μs, 130 Hz | 03.3/3.1 V, 90 μs, 160 Hz |