An example of a single trial in Experiment 1. During the RI a blank screen was displayed for a variable duration of 1400, 2900, or 5900 ms. Throughout this retention interval participants heard digits spoken over computer speakers at a rate of one digit every 1500 ms beginning at mask offset. In different conditions, participants did not hear the digits, were to repeat each digit immediately, or were to subtract one from each digit and pronounce the result.