Table 1.
Mean ± S D plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin (μg/mL) in sheep (n = 10) following IV and IM administration at a dose rate of 4 mg/kg b.w.
| Parameters | Unit | IV | IM |
|---|---|---|---|
| α | h−1 | 2.19 ± 0.17 | — |
| k a | h−1 | — | 1.39 ± 0.15 |
| t 1/2α | h | 0.33 ± 0.12 | — |
| t 1/2(a) | h | — | 0.51 ± 0.11 |
| β | h−1 | 0.19 ± 0.09 | — |
| k el | h−1 | — | 0.21 ± 0.04 |
| t 1/2β | h | 3.29 ± 0.23 | — |
| t 1/2el | h | — | 3.58 ± 0.30 |
| V (d(ss)) | l/kg | 0.86 ± 0.23 | 1.02 ± 0.18 |
| ClB | L/h.kg | 0.20 ± 0.05 | 0.19 ± 0.03 |
| AUC | μg.h/mL | 21.61 ± 1.24 | 20.24 ± 1.31* |
| MRT | h | 4.26 ± 0.94 | 5.33 ± 1.05* |
| C max | μg/mL | 12.17 ± 1.73 | 3.10 ± 0.35 |
| T max | h | — | 1.64 ± 0.29 |
| F | % | — | 91.35 ± 6.81 |
β (k el): elimination rate constant; α (k a): distribution (absorption) rate constant; t 1/2α: distribution half-life; t 1/2(a): absorption half-life; t 1/2β (t 1/2el): elimination half-life; V (d(ss)): volume of distribution; ClB: total body clearance; AUC: area under the curve from zero to infinity by the trapezoidal integral; MRT: mean residence time; C max: maximum plasma concentration; T max: time to peak concentration; F(%): bioavailability; for IM, (V (d(ss)) = V d/F) and ClB = ClB/F
*P < .05.