Table 3.
Reliability with One-sided 95% Confidence Intervals, Standard Error of the Measurement (SEM) and Minimum Clinical Difference (MCD) Values are shown for a single rater and two raters when examining patients with normal shoulders. (N=23)
| Movement | Average Range of Motion (SD) | Intra-rater reliability | Intra-rater SEM | MCD for single rater | Inter-rater Reliability | Inter-rater SEM | MCD for two raters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standing AROM: | |||||||
| Abduction | 170(14) | 0.91 (0.82, 1)* | 4 | 11 | 0.67 (0.53, 1) | 8 | 22 |
| Extension | 53(8) | 0.76(0.58, 1) | 4 | 11 | 0.77(0.66, 1) | 4 | 11 |
| Flexion | 160(12) | 0.86 (0.74, 1)* | 5 | 12 | 0.76(0.65, 1) | 5 | 14 |
| Scaption | 169(12) | 0.91(0.83,1)* | 4 | 10 | 0.82 (0.74, 1)* | 5 | 14 |
| Supine AROM: | |||||||
| Abduction | 167(16) | 0.87 (0.76, 1)* | 6 | 16 | 0.80 (0.70, 1)* | 7 | 20 |
| Flexion | 170(8) | 0.92 (0.83, 1)* | 2 | 7 | 0.74(0.63, 1) | 4 | 12 |
| External rotation at 0° abduction | 55(16) | 0.91 (0.84, 1)* | 5 | 13 | 0.91 (0.86, 1)* | 5 | 14 |
| External rotation at 90° abduction | 90(12) | 0.81 (0.65, 1) | 5 | 14 | 0.72(0.60, 1) | 6 | 18 |
| Internal rotation at 90° abduction | 51(10) | 0.87 (0.73, 1)* | 4 | 11 | 0.62(0.47, 1) | 6 | 18 |
| Horizontal adduction | 36(12) | 0.89 (0.70, 1)* | 4 | 12 | 0.47(0.32, 1) | 9 | 26 |
| Supine PROM: | |||||||
| Abduction | 176(14) | 0.91 (0.83, 1)* | 4 | 12 | 0.88(0.82, 1)* | 5 | 14 |
| Flexion | 177 (6) | 0.85 (0.72, 1)* | 3 | 7 | 0.78(0.68, 1) | 3 | 9 |
| External rotation at 0° abduction | 68(16) | 0.94(0.88, 1)* | 4 | 11 | 0.85(0.77, 1)* | 7 | 18 |
| External rotation at 90° abduction | 103(11) | 0.86 (0.64, 1) | 5 | 13 | 0.49(0.35, 1) | 9 | 24 |
| Horizontal adduction | 43(10) | 0.85(0.59, 1) | 4 | 12 | 0.36(0.21, 1) | 9 | 25 |
*Movements that achieved criterion value of an ICC with a lower band of the one-sided 95% confidence interval ≥ 0.70. Shaded areas are the ICC values that achieved the criterion value of reliability and the corresponding SEM and MCD values.