Figure 6.

Cotreatment with mitochondrial metabolites and protective compounds attenuate loss of Dcx⁺ cells induced by exposure to LPS-treated microglial CM. A, CM treatment promoted rapid loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in Dcx⁺ cells (arrows) as evidenced by selective disappearance of TMRE staining after 6 h of CM treatment. Scale bar, 50 μm. B, Changes in the number of Dcx+ cells induced by 24 h of 10 nm antimycin A (AA) exposure, with and without 5 mm lactate (Lact). C, Changes in the number of Dcx⁺ cells induced by CM treatment alone or with the addition of mitochondrial metabolites and compounds: lactate (5 mm), pyruvate (5 mm), thiamine (4 mm), α-lipoic acid (100 μm), GSH-EE (1 mm), and NIM811 (2 μm). The data are representative of three independent experiments with at least 150 Dcx⁺ cells per control condition in each experiment. Shown are mean ± SEM. ^#p < 0.001 compared with control; *p < 0.05 compared with CM treatment; **p < 0.01 compared with CM treatment.