Fig. 1.

Left: rendering of the foot showing the location of the 12 markers employed to track the motion of the calcaneus, metatarsus and proximal phalanges of the toes in accordance with the protocol described in Caravaggi et al. (2009). Marker FMH2 is used for static calibration only. Right: the reflective markers applied on the bony landmarks of one of the subjects employed in the study. CA, upper central ridge of the calcaneus posterior surface; ST, the most medial apex of the sustentaculum tali; PT, lateral apex of the peroneal tubercle; VMB, base of the fifth metatarsal; VMH, dorso-lateral aspect of the head of the fifth metatarsal; FMB, base of the first metatarsal; FMH, dorso-medial aspect at the head of the first metatarsal; PM, the most distal and dorsal point of the head of the proximal phalanx of the hallux; SPH, TPH, FPH and VPH are the most distal and dorsal points of the proximal phalanges of toes two to five, respectively.