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. 2010 Sep 14;19(23):4663–4676. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddq397

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© The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — E14.5 Loop-tail kidneys exhibit normal histology and no change in proliferation or apoptosis. Haematoxylin-stained sections of E14.5 wild-type (A and D), Vangl2^Lp/+ (B and E) and Vangl2^Lp/Lp (C and F) metanephroi. At E14.5, although all three genotypes contained renal vesicles (RV) and ureteric bud branches (UB), Vangl2^Lp/Lp organs appeared smaller than wild-type littermates (compare C with A). Analysis of the percentage of proliferating cells in E14.5 whole kidney sections by immunostaining with anti-pH3 (G, I and O) or of apoptosis with anti-cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) (K, M and P) and DAPI (H, J, L and N) revealed no significant differences between wild-type (red) and Vangl2^Lp/Lp (blue). Proliferation and apoptotic indices were, respectively, calculated by counting the numbers of phosphor histone-H3 (PH3)- or cleaved caspase 3 (Cleaved Caspase)-expressing cells in kidney sections from three individuals of each genotype, and showing them as a percentage of total (DAPI-stained) nuclei. Images are representative of at least three animals in each category. Scale bars: (A–C) = 100 μm and (D–F) = 25 μm.