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Comparison pecks/sec (± 1 SEM) on form-identity baseline trials (open circles) and nonreinforced reflexivity probe trials (filled circles) averaged over the eight initial test sessions for each Group Identity pigeon. Matching = trials on which the comparison physically matched the preceding sample. Non-matching = trials on which the comparison did not physically match the preceding sample. Note that the ordinate for 2 of the pigeons (IREF2 and IREF3) differs from the other 4 pigeons.
