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. 2010 Nov 4;6(11):e1001190. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001190

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Shin et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Chromosomal spread assay in wild-type (+/+) and Hormad1^−/− (−/−) zygotene stage spermatocytes. (A–B) Immunofluorescence staining with anti-SYCP1 (Green) and anti-HORMAD1 (Red) antibody. HORMAD1 preferentially localizes to unsynapsed regions of chromosome axes (arrow head) and sex body (arrow) but does not co-localize with SYCP1 (A-A”). Hormad1 deficiency does not affect SYCP1 localization to the axes (B). HORMAD1 co-localizes with SYCP2 on the unsynapsed chromosome axes (C-C”), but HORMAD1 deficiency does not affect SYCP2 localization to the axes (D). SYCP3, another integral and critical component of the synaptonemal complex co-localizes with HORMAD1 on unsynapsed axes (E-E”). Similar to SYCP1 and SYCP2, SYCP3 localizes to the axes despite HORMAD1 deficiency (F). DNA was stained with DAPI. Scale bars: 10 µm.