Fig. 2.

Facultative producers of durable public goods are more resistant to oscillations and cheats in a structured population. Time series of cooperator (solid line) and defector (dashed line) patch frequencies across a metapopulation. (A) Constitutive production by cooperators and (B) facultative production by cooperators. Parameters are as for Fig. 1, with u = 0.3 and metapopulation seeded with 89% cooperator patches and 1% defector patches. Simulations are redrawn as phase diagrams in triangular Inset.