Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients at initiation of cART (N=1655 unless specified)
| Characteristics | Total N (%) | Country A | Country B | Country C | Country D | Country E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=1233 | N=112 | N=101 | N=135 | N=74 | ||
| Male | 834 (50.4) | 596 (48.3) | 58 (51.8) | 63 (62.4) | 80 (59.3) | 37 (50.0) |
| Median (IQR) age, years | 7.0 (3.9–9.8) | 7.7 (2.2–10.2) | 3.6 (1.8–6.6) | 7.9 (5.9–10.6) | 1.9 (1.0–3.6) | 6.4 (4.2–8.7) |
| <18 months | 162 (9.8) | 82 (6.7) | 26 (23.2) | 4 (3.9) | 50 (37.0) | 0 |
| 18–59 months | 361 (21.8) | 204 (16.5) | 44 (39.3) | 17 (16.8) | 69 (51.1) | 27 (36.5) |
| 60–155 months | 1038 (62.7) | 872 (70.7) | 42 (37.5) | 65 (64.4) | 16 (11.9) | 43 (58.1) |
| >156 months | 94 (5.7) | 75 (6.1) | 0 | 15 (14.9) | 0 | 4 (5.4) |
| Perinatal transmission | 1560 (94.3) | 1161 (94.2) | 100 (89.3) | 94 (93.1) | 134 (99.3) | 71 (95.9) |
| Infant antiretrovirals for PMTCT |
161 (9.7) | 88 (7.1) | 8 (7.1) | 0 | 2 (1.5) | 63 (85.1) |
| Unknown | 584 (35.3) | 472 (38.3) | 7 (6.3) | 94 (93.1) | 0 | 11 (14.9) |
| Maternal antiretrovirals for PMTCT |
135 (8.1) | 64 (5.2) | 5 (4.5) | 0 | 2 (1.5) | 63 (85.1) |
| Unknown | 574 (34.7) | 463 (37.6) | 9 (8.0) | 94 (93.1) | 0 | 9 (12.2) |
| WHO clinical stage | ||||||
| Stage I | 108 (6.5) | 90 (7.3) | 7 (6.2) | 0 | 5 (3.7) | 6 (8.1) |
| Stage II | 286 (17.3) | 209 (17.0) | 16 (14.3) | 10 (9.9) | 13 (9.6) | 38 (51.4) |
| Stage III | 470 (28.4) | 280 (22.7) | 35 (31.2) | 67 (66.3) | 63 (46.7) | 25 (33.8) |
| Stage IV | 361 (21.8) | 275 (22.3) | 20 (17.9) | 13 (12.9) | 48 (35.6) | 5 (6.7) |
| Unknown | 430 (26.0) | 379 (30.7) | 34 (30.4) | 11 (10.9) | 6 (4.4) | 0 |
| Median (IQR) BMI, kg/m2 (N=1151) |
14.7 (13.2– 15.7) |
14.6 (13.5– 15.9) |
13.5 (12.1– 14.4) |
13.0 (11.8– 13.9) |
13.2 (11.6– 14.7) |
14.7 (13.0– 15.4) |
| Median (IQR) weight-for- age z score (N=1189) |
−2.15 (−2.84 to −1.34) |
−2.1 (−3.1 to − 1.1) |
−3.1 (−4.0 to − 1.9) |
−2.8 (−3.7 to − 1.6) |
−2.7 (−3.9 to − 1.7) |
−2.4 (−3.2 to − 1.5) |
| Median (IQR) height-for- age z score (N=1189) |
−2.35 (−3.31 to −1.14) |
−2.3 (−3.3 to − 1.4) |
−2.4 (−3.3 to − 1.6) |
−1.5 (−3.0 to − 0.8) |
−2.8 (−3.9 to − 1.7) |
−3.0 (−3.9 to − 1.8) |
| Median (IQR) CD4 percentage |
8.0 (2.0–15.0) | 7.0 (2.0–14.2) | 9.3 (2.0–18.0) | 9.0 (6.0–16.0) | 9.0 (2.0–15) | 12 (6.0–19.0) |
| <10% | 735 (44.4) | 603 (48.9) | 22 (19.6) | 38 (37.6) | 49 (36.3) | 23 (31.1) |
| 10–14% | 230 (13.9) | 168 (13.6) | 7 (6.3) | 15 (14.9) | 17 (12.6) | 23 (31.1) |
| 15–24% | 241 (14.6) | 177 (14.4) | 9 (8.0) | 13 (12.9) | 21 (15.6) | 21 (28.4) |
| >25% | 96 (5.8) | 67 (5.4) | 5 (4.5) | 8 (7.9) | 10 (7.4) | 6 (8.1) |
| Unknown | 353 (21.3) | 218 (17.7) | 69 (61.6) | 27 (26.7) | 38 (28.1) | 1 (1.4) |
| Median log10 (IQR) HIV-RNA, copies/ml (N=628) |
5.3 (4.8–5.8) | 5.1 (4.7–5.6) | 5.3 (4.8–5.9) | 5.3 (5.1–5.9) | 5.9 (5.6–6.1) | 4.6 (3.9–5.0) |
| Most common cART regimens |
||||||
| NNRTI-based | 1531 (92.5) | 1125 (91.2) | 98 (87.5) | 99 (98.0) | 135 (100) | 74 (100) |
| d4T/3TC/NVP | 639 (38.6) | 524 (46.6) | 1 (1.0) | 51 (51.2) | 33 (24.4) | 30 (40.5) |
| AZT/3TC/NVP | 368 (22.2) | 197 (17.5) | 16 (16.3) | 22 (22.2) | 101 (74.8) | 32 (43.2) |
| AZT/3TC/EFV | 276 (16.7) | 196 (17.4) | 74 (75.5) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (2.7) |
| d4T/3TC/EFV | 209 (12.6) | 173 (15.4) | 5 (5.1) | 22 (22.2) | 0 | 9 (12.2) |
| Median time on cART, years (IQR) |
2.9 (1.4–4.6) | 3.4 (1.8–4.9) | 1.9 (0.8–3.2) | 2.2 (0.8–3.4) | 1.7 (0.6–3.2) | 1.6 (0.9–2.2) |
Abbreviations: cART-combination antiretroviral therapy; PMTCT-prevention of mother-to-child transmission; IQR-interquartile range; NNRTI-non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; d4T–stavudine; 3TC-lamivudine; NVP-nevirapine; AZT-zidovudine; EFV-efavirenz