Optimum half-sib family size for schemes with groups either composed at random or consisting of two families. A value of d = 0.5 was used for the entire figure, and therefore, the phenotypic variance is the same for all group sizes. (See Bijma 2010, the accompanying article in this issue, and section “Dilution of IGEs”.) With = = 0.3, = = 1. = = 0, r = 0.25. For schemes with two families per group, optimum family size was identical for , , and .