Fig. 3.
Performance of humans, monkeys, rats, and mice on the VPC/NOR task. In all panels the white circles depict control groups, and the black circles depict groups with hippocampal damage or disruption. (A) Human participants (data from McKee & Squire, 1993). (B) Monkeys (data from Zola et al., 2000). (C) Rats (data from Clark et al., 2000). (D) Mice (data from Hammond et al., 2004). All four studies revealed delay-dependent impairment after hippocampal damage or disruption.