Cellular response induced by LTA and MDP in the mammary gland. Concentrations of cells in milk of mammary glands (quarters) infused at 0 h with different amounts of MDP or S. aureus LTA, alone or in combination, were monitored at 4, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 72, and 96 hpi. Data are median values and interquartile ranges. (A) Pilot experiment with three cows which received 1, 10, or 100 μg MDP in three different quarters. The fourth quarter served as a control. (B) Eleven cows received 20 μg MDP, 5 μg LTA, or the combination of 20 μg MDP and 5 μg LTA in three different quarters. *, statistical significance (P < 0.05, multiple comparisons) of values from challenged versus control quarters; $, significance (P < 0.05, multiple comparisons) of values from quarters challenged with MDP plus LTA versus either LTA or MDP. SCC, somatic cell count.