Fig. 7.

Host microtubules are dispensable for membrane sieving during parasitophorous vacuole formation. HA-CD59^GPI (A) and HA-CD59 (B) were infected with tRFP⁺ parasites by using the synchronized infection assay. At 2 min after the addition of invasion buffer, the cells were fixed and stained to detect extracellular SAG1 (magenta). The cells were then permeabilized and stained with anti-HA (green) to detect HA-CD59. Representative 3D projections are shown. Scale bar, 7 μm. The graphs represent quantifications of the frequency of CD59 incorporation into the PV from a minimum of 30 parasites that either partially or completely invaded the host cell.