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Intracellular ATP levels in wild-type, csrA, and pfkA strains of S. flexneri. Samples of bacteria grown for measurement of virulence gene expression (Fig. 5) were lysed, and the intracellular ATP level was measured in a bioluminescence assay. ATP concentrations in the wild-type cells were ∼1.2 mM, based on comparison to ATP standards. Data shown are the averages of three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05 compared to the wild type (by Student's t test).
