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. 2010 Aug 16;78(11):4763–4772. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00578-10

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Correlation between parasitemia and the proportion (%) of CTLA-4-expressing Treg cells in P. vivax-infected patients (circles; n = 39), P. falciparum-infected patients (triangles; n = 14), and patients coinfected with both species (squares; n = 13). The gating strategy to characterize CTLA-4+ Treg cells is shown in the supplemental material. Parasitemia in P. vivax-infected patients was strongly correlated with the proportion of CTLA-4+ cells among Treg cells (r = 0.419; P = 0.008). When P. falciparum-infected patients were added to the Spearman correlation model, the coefficient of correlation remained nearly unchanged (r = 0.400; P = 0.003). However, the overall correlation was substantially attenuated (r = 0.277; P = 0.024) when patients coinfected with both species were added to the model. Therefore, parasitemia was strongly correlated with the proportion (%) of CTLA-4-expressing Treg cells in single-species infections (with either P. vivax or P. falciparum) but not in mixed-species infections. Figure S4 in the supplemental material shows data for P. vivax, P. falciparum, and mixed-species infections in three separate plots.