Table 4.
Results of Mixed Models Analysis of Measures of Psychosocial Functioning
| Dependent Measure | Effect | Estimate | Standard Error | Df | F | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBCL Total Score | Premorbid rating | 0.68 | 0.04 | 1, 164 | 288.59 | <.001 | * |
| Sex | -0.25 | 0.85 | 1, 149 | 0.09 | .76 | ||
| Race | 0.75 | 1.11 | 1, 156 | 0.46 | .50 | ||
| Intimate partner in home | -3.06 | 1.21 | 1, 166 | 6.46 | .01 | * | |
| CBCL version | -4.06 | 1.02 | 1, 310 | 15.76 | <.001 | * | |
| SES | -0.97 | 0.48 | 1, 152 | 4.16 | .04 | * | |
| Age at injury | -0.45 | 0.53 | 1, 357 | 0.73 | .39 | ||
| Time since injury | -1.68 | 0.88 | 1, 155 | 0.13 | .06 | ||
| Group | 2, 247 | 0.21 | .81 | ||||
| FAD z score | -1.28 | 0.67 | 1, 330 | 4.36 | .04 | * | |
| Authoritarian parenting | 1.14 | 1, 297 | 1.77 | .18 | |||
| Permissive parenting | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1, 274 | 8.53 | .01 | * | |
| FAD X time since injury | 1.41 | 0.68 | 1, 144 | 4.36 | .04 | * | |
| Authoritarian parenting X time since injury | -1.88 | 0.91 | 1, 211 | 4.32 | .04 | * | |
| Permissive parenting X time since injury | -0.31 | 0.98 | 1, 192 | 1.75 | .19 | ||
| Group X time since injury | 2, 148 | 1.08 | .34 | ||||
| Group X authoritarian parenting | 2, 294 | 8.00 | <.001 | * | |||
| Group X permissive parenting | 2, 278 | 4.11 | .02 | * | |||
| Group X authoritarian parenting X time since injury | 2, 192 | 8.18 | <.001 | * | |||
| Group X permissive parenting X time since injury | 2, 184 | 5.12 | .01 | * | |||
| ABAS GAC standard score | Premorbid rating | 0.64 | 0.06 | 1, 163 | 126.57 | <.001 | * |
| Sex | 0.82 | 2.17 | 1, 163 | 0.14 | .71 | ||
| Race | 2.27 | 2.72 | 1, 167 | 0.70 | .41 | ||
| Intimate partner in home | 0.29 | 2.96 | 1, 177 | 0.01 | .92 | ||
| ABAS version | 9.08 | 2.56 | 1, 342 | 12.63 | .001 | * | |
| SES | -2.72 | 1.26 | 1, 164 | 4.62 | .03 | * | |
| Age at injury | 1.02 | 1.32 | 1, 366 | 0.59 | .44 | ||
| Time since injury | 5.13 | 2.28 | 1, 180 | 1.99 | .16 | ||
| Group | 2, 312 | 3.88 | .02 | * | |||
| HOME score | 2.16 | 2.28 | 1, 318 | 5.40 | .02 | * | |
| Group X time since injury | 2, 160 | 0.77 | .47 | ||||
| HOME X time since injury | -1.15 | 2.22 | 1, 153 | 3.18 | .08 | ||
| Group X HOME | 2, 311 | 1.21 | .30 | ||||
| Group X HOME X time since injury | 2, 153 | 3.72 | .03 | * | |||
| PKBS/HCSBS Social Competence z score | Premorbid rating | 0.45 | 0.05 | 1, 186 | 69.88 | <.001 | |
| Sex | 0.18 | 0.09 | 1, 169 | 3.86 | .05 | ||
| Race | 0.02 | 0.12 | 1, 178 | 0.03 | .86 | ||
| Intimate partner in home | 0.27 | 0.13 | 1, 185 | 4.20 | .04 | * | |
| Test version | 0.24 | 0.10 | 1, 310 | 5.72 | .02 | * | |
| SES | 0.02 | 0.05 | 1, 173 | 0.21 | .65 | ||
| Age at injury | 0.04 | 0.05 | 1, 335 | 0.44 | .51 | ||
| Group | 2, 173 | 5.62 | .003 | * | |||
| Authoritative parenting | 0.16 | 0.04 | 1, 385 | 15.97 | <.001 | * | |
| Permissive parenting | -0.15 | 0.04 | 1, 420 | 14.67 | <.001 | * |
*
Significant effect, p < .05.
Note: Model estimates are based on raw scores for all measures. Model estimates are not given for effects involving group membership, which combines separate contrasts comparing (1) severe TBI and OI groups and (2) complicated mild/moderate TBI and OI groups. Df = degrees of freedom. SES = Socioeconomic status. CBCL = Child Behavior Checklist. ABAS = Adaptive Behavior Assessment System. GAC = General Adaptive Composite. PKBS = Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales. HCSBS = Home and Community Social and Behavior Scales. HOME = Home Observation for Measures of the Environment.