Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis of lesion volume and blood–spinal cord barrier permeability at 56 days post-injury. (A) T2-weighted RARE image of a typical injured spinal cord showing the hyperintense region (black asterisk) indicating edema and demyelination, and the hypointense region (white asterisk) indicating hemorrhage and necrosis. (B) A significant decrease in the hyperintense lesion volume was observed in the AAV-Ang-1- and AAV-VEGF165/Ang-1-treated groups. Error bars represent standard deviations (*p = 0.0105). (C) No significant decrease was observed in the hypointense lesion volume. (D) A significant decrease in the percentage of enhanced area as determined by dynamic contrast imaging was observed in the AAV-VEGF165/Ang-1 animals, indicating a reduced general compromise of the blood–spinal cord barrier compared to viral controls. Error bars represent standard deviations (*p = 0.0046; VEGF165, vascular endothelial growth factor-165; Ang-1, angiopoietin-1; AAV, adeno-associated virus; RARE, rapid acquisition by relaxation enhancement).