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. 2010 Sep 3;285(47):36495–36510. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.115766

FIGURE 9.

FIGURE 9.

Increased oxygen consumption in iPLA2γ−/− epididymal adipose tissue. Oxygen consumption in the presence of the indicated mitochondrial substrates and inhibitors was measured in epididymal adipose tissue explants utilizing an Oroboros apparatus as described under “Experimental Procedures.” A, oxygen consumption in the presence of glutamate/malate for wild-type (solid bars) and iPLA2γ−/− (open bars) samples. As a control for differences in mitochondrial number per tissue section, oxygen consumption for each substrate or inhibitor condition was normalized to cytochrome c oxidase oxygen consumption values. Epididymal adipose tissue from the iPLA2γ−/− mice had significantly increased oxygen consumption utilizing either ADP (state 3) or succinate (state 3 max) as substrates and in the presence of inhibitors rotenone (state 3), oligomycin (state 4), and the uncoupler FCCP. B, oxygen consumption in the presence of palmitoylcarnitine/malate. Oxygen consumption was increased in iPLA2γ−/− adipose explants relative to wild-type controls with each substrate or inhibitor addition with statistically significant differences observed in the presence of ADP, succinate, rotenone, and FCCP. C, no significant alterations in state 2/3 were observed in the KO utilizing either glutamate/malate or palmitoylcarnitine/malate. D, no significant alterations in state 3/4 metabolism utilizing either glutamate/malate or palmitoylcarnitine/malate were observed. Male mice 9–11 months of age were utilized. n = 3–4/group. E, ATP synthesis rate in adipose explants. No significant alterations in either glutamate/malate (complex I) or palmitoylcarnitine/malate (complex I) ATP synthesis were observed comparing WT and iPLA2γ−/− adipose explants. Male mice (n = 3–4 per group) on the standard diet were utilized. Data are presented as means ± S.E. Statistical significance was performed using the Student's t test, and significant differences are indicated by brackets and the associated p values. Abbreviations used: palm-carn/malate, palmitoylcarnitine plus malate.