Table 1.
Characteristics* of the Colorectal Cancer Cases and Matched Controls
| Cases (n=224) | Controls (n=411) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age at blood draw (years)† | 70.5 (63, 76) | 70.0 (63, 76) |
| Hours of fasting prior to blood draw† | 13.1 (12.1, 14.4) | 13.1 (12.0, 14.5) |
| Male, n (%)† | 140 (62.5) | 257 (62.5) |
| Ethnicity, n (%)† | ||
| Japanese American | 88 (39.3) | 166 (40.4) |
| African American | 41 (18.3) | 70 (17.0) |
| Latino | 44 (19.6) | 78 (19.0) |
| White | 39 (17.4) | 73 (17.8) |
| Native Hawaiian | 12 (5.4) | 24 (5.8) |
| Education, n (%)‡ | ||
| High school graduate or less | 79 (35.4) | 133 (32.6) |
| Some post-secondary education | 79 (35.4) | 127 (31.1) |
| College graduate | 65 (29.2) | 148 (36.3) |
| Had previous colonoscopy, n (%) | 134 (59.8) | 278 (67.6) |
| 1° family history of colorectal cancer, n (%) | 27 (12.1) | 39 (9.5) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | ||
| Never | 89 (39.7) | 187 (45.5) |
| Past | 100 (44.6) | 175 (42.6) |
| Current | 35 (15.6) | 49 (11.9) |
| Pack-years | 3.9 (0, 19.8) | 2.0 (0, 16.4) |
| Moderate or vigorous physical activity (hrs/week) | 5.0 (2.5, 11.0) | 5.0 (2.5, 10.8) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.0 (23.3, 29.7) | 25.2 (23.0, 27.8) |
| <18.5, n (%) | 7 (3.1) | 10 (2.4) |
| 18.5–24.9, n (%) | 85 (38.0) | 187 (45.5) |
| 25–29.9, n (%) | 80 (35.7) | 167 (40.6) |
| ≥ 30, n (%) | 52 (23.2) | 47 (11.4) |
| Multivitamin use, n (%)‡ | 102 (46.6) | 207 (50.9) |
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | 0.8 (0, 10.7) | 0.4 (0, 10.0) |
| Red meat intake, excluding processed meat (g/1000 kcal/d) | 17.6 (11.8, 29.7) | 17.1 (10.6, 25.8) |
| Processed meat (g/1000 kcal/d) | 6.7 (3.5, 11.3) | 6.3 (3.2, 10.0) |
| Dairy food intake (g/1000 kcal/d) | 64.6 (32.3, 120.2) | 76.2 (37.7, 141.6) |
| Fish intake, including shellfish (g/1000 kcal/d) | 9.0 (4.4, 16.1) | 8.9 (4.7, 14.2) |
| Dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal/d) | 11.2 (7.9, 14.4) | 11.3 (8.8, 14.4) |
| Plasma PLP, pmol/ml | 40.0 (22.4, 80.8) | 57.0 (29.6, 109.8) |
| Plasma folate, ng/ml | 14.7 (9.3, 24.5) | 16.2 (10.2, 27.3) |
| Plasma vitamin B12, pg/ml | 517 (361, 740) | 523 (365, 712) |
| Plasma methylmalonic acid**, pmol/ml | 161 (96, 226) | 148 (103, 208) |
| Plasma cysteine**, nmol/ml | 255 (234, 284) | 261 (237, 288) |
| Plasma homocysteine, nmol/ml | 9.4 (7.7, 11.9) | 9.4 (7.6, 11.6) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/l | 0.9 (0.3, 2.6) | 0.7 (0.2, 2.0) |
| MTHFR 677TT genotype***, n (%) | 22 (11.2) | 41 (11.5) |
*
values are median (25th–75th) unless otherwise specified.
†
matching variables
‡
totals do not always sum to 224 and 411 because of missing values.
**
measured on only 118 cases and 211 controls.
***
measured on only 197 cases and 358 controls.