Increased BMP6 expression in cultured NPCs treated with recombinant Aβ. Adult rat hippocampal NPCs were cultured for 4 d under neuronal differentiation conditions, and treated with recombinant Aβ1-42 or vehicle control (Ctrl) for the final 24 h of differentiation. mRNA levels of BMPs were analyzed by qRT-PCR and BMP6 protein expression was assessed by immunoblot. A, mRNA levels of BMP2, BMP6, and BMP7 in Aβ-treated NPCs (normalized to levels of the reference gene HPRT). Only BMP6 levels were significantly increased in cultures exposed to Aβ (*p < 0.05 compared to vehicle-treated controls by unpaired two-tailed Student's t test). B, Immunoblot analysis of BMP6 protein expression and Aβ accumulation. Increased levels of the BMP6 precursor protein were observed in Aβ-treated cell cultures. Multiple Aβ species (M, monomer; D, dimer; T, trimer) were detected in the cell lysates of cultures treated with Aβ. Actin was used as a loading control.