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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Cancer Surviv. 2010 Jul 23;4(4):372–380. doi: 10.1007/s11764-010-0139-5

Table 2.

Hazard rate ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for all-cause and breast cancer mortality according to composite measures of social connectedness.

All-cause Breast Cancer
N Deaths HR1 95% CI HR2 95% CI Deaths HR1 95% CI HR2 95% CI
Social Network Size3
    Small (5–9) 935 133 1.00 1.00 33 1.00 1.00
    Small-medium (9) 854 115 1.01 0.78 to 1.29 1.04 0.81 to 1.34 30 0.97 0.59 to 1.60 1.01 0.61 to 1.66
    Medium (10) 860 84 0.76 0.58 to 1.01 0.88 0.67 to 1.17 21 0.67 0.39 to 1.17 0.70 0.40 to 1.22
    Medium-large (11–12) 1,188 117 0.76 0.60 to 0.98 0.92 0.71 to 1.20 39 0.93 0.59 to 1.49 0.97 0.59 to 1.58
    Large (13–16) 564 68 0.94 0.70 to 1.27 1.33 0.97 to 1.82 19 0.98 0.56 to 1.73 1.07 0.59 to 1.96
    P-trend 0.08 0.55 0.80 0.98
Number of social ties seen at least once per month4
    Low (3–5) 802 92 1.00 1.00 22 1.00 1.00
    Low-medium (6) 919 130 1.30 0.99 to 1.70 1.24 0.95 to 1.62 34 1.35 0.79 to 2.32 1.20 0.70 to 2.07
    Medium (7) 1,022 124 1.14 0.87 to 1.49 1.19 0.90 to 1.56 34 1.22 0.71 to 2.08 1.14 0.66 to 1.96
    Medium-high (8–9) 1,244 130 1.01 0.77 to 1.32 1.10 0.83 to 1.44 34 1.00 0.59 to 1.72 0.96 0.55 to 1.67
    High (10–13) 494 54 0.94 0.67 to 1.32 1.08 0.77 to 1.53 18 1.37 0.73 to 2.56 1.33 0.70 to 2.55
    P-trend 0.29 0.89 0.87 0.86
Overall social connectedness5
    Low (5–12) 620 93 1.00 1.00 27 1.00 1.00
    Low-medium (13–15) 1,171 151 0.92 0.71 to 1.20 1.01 0.78 to 1.32 35 0.68 0.41 to 1.12 0.69 0.41 to 1.14
    Medium (16–18) 1,377 146 0.70 0.54 to 0.91 0.78 0.60 to 1.02 33 0.55 0.33 to 0.92 0.58 0.34 to 0.97
    Medium-high (19–20) 709 78 0.72 0.53 to 0.97 0.85 0.62 to 1.15 25 0.83 0.48 to 1.43 0.94 0.54 to 1.65
    High (21–26) 467 43 0.56 0.39 to 0.81 0.72 0.49 to 1.04 16 0.81 0.43 to 1.50 0.85 0.45 to 1.62
    P-trend 0.002 0.02 0.65 0.93
1

Hazard Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals estimated from models adjusted for age at diagnosis and state of residence.

2

Hazard Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals estimated from models adjusted for factors at diagnosis (age, breast cancer stage, state of residence, menopausal status, smoking, hormone replacement therapy use, parity, education), interval between diagnosis and social support assessment, and factors at the time of social support assessment (treatment (radiation, chemotherapy, tamoxifen), physical activity(quintiles), BMI (quintiles), weight change from pre-diagnosis to follow-up).

3

Ranking of relative network size, including spouse/partner, confidants, children, and close relatives and friends.

4

Ranking of relative number of children, relatives, and friends seen at least once per month.

5

Summary score estimating relative frequency of contact with confidants, frequency of attending religious services, frequency of attending community group(s), and number of children, relatives, and friends seen at least once per month.[35]