Table 1.
Cardiorenal and neurohumoral function in the three experimental groups at baseline.
| TLV | TLV+BNP | BNP | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hemodynamic function | ||||
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 110 (10) | 110 (13) | 108 (10) | 0.90 |
| Systemic vascular resistance (mmHg·L−1·min) |
68 (6) | 58 (17) | 43 (14) | 0.02b |
| Cardiac output (L/min) | 1.49 (0.13) | 1.85 (0.51) | 2.52 (0.79) | 0.02b |
| Right atrial pressure (mmHg) | 9.8 (2.6) | 8.3 (2.2) | 8.4 (3.2) | 0.58 |
| Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mmHg) |
24 (2) | 24 (4) | 22 (4) | 0.41 |
| Renal perfusion pressure (mmHg) | 101 (11) | 101 (12) | 101 (6) | 0.99 |
| Renal blood flow (mL/min) | 94 (32) | 102 (34) | 236 (136) | 0.02b |
| Renal vascular resistance (mmHg·L−1·min) |
1170 (367) | 924 (428) | 520 (220) | 0.02b |
| Renal function | ||||
| Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min) | 25.2 (12.5) | 31.5 (6.2) | 37.0 (7.3) | 0.12 |
| Urine flow (mL/min) | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.17 (0.16) | 0.33 (0.33) | 0.13 |
| Urinary Na+ excretion (μEq/min) | 1.4 (0.4/3.0) | 0.6 (0.5/1.9) | 4.3 (2.9/7.7) | 0.02 |
| Urinary K+ excretion (μEq/min) | 7 (5/19) | 9 (4/19) | 22 (19/25) | 0.02c |
| Electrolyte-free water excretion (mL/min) |
−1.03 (0.73) | −0.37 (0.45) | 0.15 (0.30) | 0.005b |
| Filtration fraction | 0.50 (0.34) | 0.47 (0.23) | 0.30 (0.15) | 0.34 |
| Urinary cGMP excretion (pmol/min) | 1487 (1110/2301) |
1446 (1152/1945) |
2187 (1640/2934) |
0.18 |
| Urine osmolality (mosm/L) | 1137 (621) | 1118 (468) | 694 (174) | 0.15 |
| Humoral function | ||||
| Hematocrit (%) | 39 (4) | 38 (6) | 41 (4) | 0.50 |
| Plasma Na+ (mmol/L) | 145 (6) | 159 (9) | 149 (7) | 0.006a |
| Plasma K+ (mmol/L) | 4.7 (0.4) | 4.9 (0.5) | 4.4 (0.3) | 0.18 |
| Plasma Osm (mOsm/L) | 305 (14) | 301 (6) | 320 (15) | 0.055 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 69 (59/75) | 82 (59/137) | 32 (27/40) | 0.01b |
| cGMP (pmol/mL) | 26 (5) | 21 (3) | 22 (4) | 0.07 |
| Plasma renin activity (ng·mL−1·h) | 19 (4) | 15 (8) | 18 (7) | 0.32 |
| Angiotensin II (pg/mL) | 104 (49/136) | 44 (24/163) | 75 (34/84) | 0.21 |
| Aldosterone (ng/dL) | 63 (28) | 61 (48) | 44 (27) | 0.67 |
Values are mean (SD) for normally distributed data or median (25th/75th percentile) for not normally distributed data.
*
p-value for comparison of baseline values between groups.
P<0.05 in post-hoc tests is indicated as follows:
a
TLV vs. TLV+BNP
b
TLV vs. BNP
c
TLV+BNP vs. BNP.
BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide, TLV, tolvaptan.