TABLE 3.
Sociodemographic characteristics across dietary reporting methods among 2868 adolescents with an average age of 13.8 y from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children1
| PAlow |
PAPAL |
PAMVPA |
|||||||
| Sample characteristics | Underreporter (n = 1476) | Plausible reporter (n = 1170) | Overreporter (n = 222) | Underreporter (n = 1486) | Plausible reporter (n = 1087) | Overreporter (n = 295) | Underreporter (n = 1065) | Plausible reporter (n = 1217) | Overreporter (n = 586) |
| Child characteristics | |||||||||
| Girls (%) | 53.9 | 54.1 | 48.2 | 46.6 | 57.6 | 73.62 | 50.6 | 54.7 | 56.53 |
| Physical activity (counts/min) | 522 ± 4.7a44 | 539 ± 5.2b | 565.1 ± 12.0c | 575 ± 4.5a | 500 ± 5.2b | 434.7 ± 10c | 564 ± 5.4a | 520 ± 5.1b | 499 ± 7.3c |
| Age at menarche (y) | 12.4 ± 0.04a | 12.8 ± 0.04b | 12.9 ± 0.10c,b | 12.4 ± 0.04a | 12.8 ± 0.04b | 12.9 ± 0.07c,b | 12.3 ±0.05a | 12.7 ± 0.04b | 12.9 ± 0.06c |
| Frequency of dieting (%) | |||||||||
| Always/often | 7.8 | 2.0 | 0.52 | 7.5 | 1.9 | 2.32 | 9.9 | 2.1 | 1.62 |
| Several/couple times | 26.2 | 14.6 | 10.4 | 24.8 | 16.3 | 11.9 | 26.1 | 18.5 | 13.2 |
| Never | 66.0 | 83.0 | 89.1 | 67.7 | 81.8 | 85.8 | 64.0 | 79.5 | 85.2 |
| Degree of satisfaction with weight (%) | |||||||||
| Satisfied | 57.4 | 72.0 | 75.52 | 58.9 | 70.0 | 75.12 | 55.6 | 69.0 | 72.32 |
| Undecided | 9.0 | 6.2 | 5.2 | 8.5 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 9.5 | 6.7 | 5.7 |
| Dissatisfied | 29.0 | 16.3 | 9.4 | 27.9 | 17.3 | 13.0 | 30.6 | 19.0 | 14.3 |
| Not an issue | 4.6 | 5.6 | 9.9 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 7.3 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 7.7 |
| Family characteristics | |||||||||
| Mother's educational attainment (%) | |||||||||
| CSE/vocational | 17.3 | 16.4 | 19.6 | 18.2 | 15.5 | 17.9 | 18.9 | 15.0 | 18.5 |
| Ordinary level | 35.3 | 35.9 | 30.8 | 34.8 | 37 | 30.7 | 34.6 | 35.5 | 35.7 |
| Advanced level/degree | 46.5 | 47.3 | 47.7 | 47.0 | 47.5 | 51.4 | 46.6 | 49.5 | 45.8 |
| Maternal overweight/obesity, BMI >25 kg/m2 (%) | 21.9 | 15.5 | 16.72 | 20.5 | 18.0 | 13.83 | 21.0 | 17.8 | 17.1 |
| Weekly family income (%) | |||||||||
| <£100 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 2.5 | 3.53 |
| £100–£299 | 37.2 | 40.6 | 38.1 | 38.3 | 39.6 | 36.9 | 39.9 | 37.3 | 39.3 |
| ≥£300 | 58.7 | 56.5 | 58.2 | 57.4 | 57.9 | 59.0 | 55.1 | 60.2 | 57.2 |
| Occupational social class (%) | |||||||||
| I | 8.8 | 8.5 | 5.4 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 7.3 |
| II | 36.1 | 35.8 | 37.0 | 35.8 | 35.7 | 38.7 | 36.4 | 35.6 | 36.4 |
| III (nonmanual) | 40.3 | 43.3 | 39.7 | 40.3 | 43.4 | 40.3 | 39.1 | 42.9 | 42.7 |
| III (manual), IV, and V | 14.8 | 12.5 | 17.9 | 15.4 | 12.7 | 13.2 | 15.7 | 13.0 | 13.6 |
n = 2868. Sample size differed between variables because of missing data as follows: age at menarche (n = 1260), frequency of dieting (n = 2427), degree of satisfaction with weight (n = 2422), mother's educational attainment (n = 2673), maternal overweight or obesity (n = 2507), family income (n = 2305), and occupational social class (n = 2361). PAlow, physical activity coefficients assigned as low-active; PAPAL, physical activity coefficients obtained from estimated physical activity levels; PAMVPA, physical activity coefficients obtained from minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; CSE, certificate of secondary education. Values within each dietary reporting method with different superscript letters are significantly different, P < 0.05 (ANOVA for continuous variables, chi-square analysis for categorical variables).
Significant differences across reporting categories: 2P < 0.001, 3P < 0.05.
Mean ± SE (all such values).