Table 3.
Baseline Status and Postintervention Outcomes by Treatment Group
| Treatment Group* |
Adjusted Group Differences |
|||||||||
| TC |
WEBS |
Adjusted Difference (SE) | ||||||||
| Pre-Mean (SD) | Post-Mean (SD) | Change Mean (SD) | p | Pre-Mean (SD) | Post-Mean (SD) | Change Mean (SD) | p | p | ||
| Energy expenditure | ||||||||||
| Energy cost of walking, mL/kg/m† | 0.26 (0.10) | 0.21 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.10) | .0266 | 0.34 (0.09) | 0.35 (0.10) | 0.01 (0.10) | .6647 | −0.10 (0.03) | .0002 |
| Below Md <0.284 mL/kg/m | 0.20 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.06) | −0.00 (0.05) | .9452 | 0.24 (0.05) | 0.28 (0.09) | 0.04 (0.08) | .1993 | −0.05 (0.04) | .1509 |
| Above Md >0.284 mL/kg/m | 0.37 (0.08) | 0.24 (0.05) | −0.13(0.10) | .0076 | 0.38 (0.06) | 0.38 (0.10) | −0.01 (0.10) | .7861 | −0.15(0.03) | <.0001 |
| Metabolic cost of transport, W/N/(m/s)† | 0.54 (0.21) | 0.44 (0.13) | −0.10 (0.20) | .0232 | 0.71 (0.18) | 0.72 (0.22) | 0.02 (0.21) | .6755 | −0.21(0.05) | .0003 |
| Observed gait and mobility | ||||||||||
| GARSM, 0–21† | 5.7 (2.5) | 3.0 (2.3) | −2.6 (1.5) | <.0001 | 7.4 (2.5) | 6.0 (2.9) | −1.46 (2.1) | .0025 | −1.5 (0.6) | .0221 |
| Gait speed, m/s‡ | 0.88 (0.13) | 1.09 (0.13) | 0.21 (0.14) | <.0001 | 0.82 (0.13) | 0.96 (0.19) | 0.14 (0.15) | .0002 | 0.07 (0.04) | .1038 |
| Self-reported mobility | ||||||||||
| Gait Efficacy Scale, 0–100 | 69.5 (20.2) | 80.3 (13.9) | 10.8 (17.2) | .0065 | 72.6 (13.5) | 71.3 (11.2) | −1.3 (13.8) | .6504 | 9.8 (3.5) | .0081 |
Notes: *n = 23 for TC and 24 for WEBS except for energy expenditure data where n = 22 for TC and 23 for WEBS.
†
Between-group mean difference at baseline, p ≤ .05.
‡
Between-group mean difference at baseline, p ≤ .12. GARSM = modified Gait Abnormality Rating Scale; TC = Timing and Coordination; WEBS = Walking, Endurance, Balance, and Strength.